Bucephalus The Horse of Alexander the Great

Bucephalus was the famous and well-loved horse of Alexander the Great. Plutarch tells the story of how a 12-year old Alexander won the horse: A horse dealer offered the horse to Alexanders father, Philip II of Macedonia, for the enormous sum of 13 talents. Since no one could tame the animal, Philip wasnt interested, but Alexander was and promised to pay for the horse should he fail to tame it. Alexander was allowed to try and then surprised everyone by subduing it. How Alexander Tamed Bucephalus Alexander spoke soothingly and turned the horse so that the horse didnt have to see its shadow, which had seemed to distress the animal. With the horse now calm, Alexander had won the wager. Alexander named his prize horse Bucephalus and so loved the animal that when the horse died, in 326 B.C., Alexander named a city after the horse: Bucephala. Ancient Writers on Bucephalus King Alexander had also a very remarkable horse; it was called Bucephalus, either on account of the fierceness of its aspect, or because it had the figure of a bulls head marked on its shoulder. It is said, that he was struck with its beauty when he was only a boy, and that it was purchased from the stud of Philonicus, the Pharsalian, for thirteen talents. When it was equipped with the royal trappings, it would suffer no one except Alexander to mount it, although at other times it would allow anyone  to do so. A memorable circumstance connected with it in battle is recorded of this horse; it is said that when it was wounded in the attack upon Thebes, it would not allow Alexander to mount any other horse. Many other circumstances, also, of a similar nature, occurred respecting it; so that when it died, the king duly performed its obsequies, and built around its tomb a city, which he named after it  The Natural History of Pliny, Volume 2, by Pliny (the Elder.), John Bostock, Henry Thomas RileyThat on the further side, he namd NicÅ“a, in Memory of his Victory over the Indians; This he namd Bucephalus, to perpetuate the Memory of his Horse Bucephalus, which died there, not because of any Wound he had received, but meerly of old Age, and excess of Heat; for when this happend, he was nigh thirty Years Old: He had also endurd much Fatigue, and undergone many Dangers with his Matter, and would never suffer any, except Alexander himself, to mount him. He was strong, and beautiful in Body, and of a generous Spirit. The Mark by which he was said to have been particularly distinguished, was a Head like an Ox, from whence he receivd his Name of Bucephalus: Or rather, according to others, because he being Black, had a white Mark upon his Forehead, not unlike those which Oxen often bear.  Arrians History of Alexanders Expedition, Volume 2

The Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphics - 1412 Words

Since the ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics in 3100 BC[3], writing has been a part of human expression. Initially, writing was used for recording the stories, myths, and histories of nations that were once mighty world powers. But as time wore on and literacy increased to the point that scholars weren’t the only people that could relay messages, writing began to morph into a form of expression. The written word became not only the best way of recording the linear timeline of what happened when, but also the more abstract social and cultural aspects of everyday people living their everyday lives. History became the ideologies, fears, and political aggravations recorded in the books of the people, regardless of the genre. And as times†¦show more content†¦47 Rothman)[5]. Rothman discovered that when the rate of discussion was slowed down, students that wouldn’t normally speak in class would have time to gather their thoughts so that they could accurately contr ibute to the discussion. If a true democracy is to be had, this inclusion is crucial, but extremely difficult without the help of writing. One author by the name of Eduardo Galeano writes about this concept of inclusion through writing in his book Open Veins of Latin America. He makes the argument that the reason authors write is to make sure that underrepresented voices are heard. In his words, â€Å"One writes, in reality, for the people whose luck or misfortune one identifies with - the hungry, the sleepless, the rebels, and the wretched of this earth - and the majority of them are illiterate. (p.12 Galeano)[3]. It is authors like Galeano describes, that increase the amount of inclusion in the democracy of life. In discussing why he writes, Galeano simultaneously raises awareness about the plight of the downtrodden. Consequently, and possibly accidentally, Galeano’s attempts to include the downtrodden in his books also had the effect of raising awareness for their plight. Though he was one of the pioneering writers for change, many other authors have used their writing prowess to raise awareness. One of these authors was aShow MoreRelated The Rosetta Stone Essay1011 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Rosetta Stone. Little did they know that this 11-inch thick piece of rock would be one of the greatest discoveries in history! It contained Egyptian scripture, with Greek also on the stone. This was used to decode the once lost Egyptian writing system. Before the 1800’s, attempts at trying to uncover the secrets held by the ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics found on walls inside numerous tombs were useless. The pictures were falsely believed to be symbolic, representing some sort of object or ideaRead MoreThe Egyptian Of Ancient Egyptian Society1704 Words   |  7 Pages Ancient Egyptian soci ety reflected many things like the pyramids that it built. They placed the pharaoh at the top, but he relied on a group of officials, priests, and nobles to administer his kingdom. All of these people were assisted with scribes, which is a writing system that was used, perhaps adapted from Mesopotamia or created independently. The eldest known hieroglyphic writings date back to the 3rd millennium B.C. though the script must have been created way before that. Egyptian scribesRead More egyptian art Essay797 Words   |  4 Pagesegyptian art The time span of Ancient Egypt Stretches over thousands of years. It lasted many periods and included many dynastys. From the Neolithic Period, ca 5450-3850 B.C. to its downfall at the Roman Period, ca 30 B.C. - A.D. 395. That is a long time. For archeologists to understand every day life of the ancient Egyptians, they must rely on many sources. The some of these valuable things being tomb paintings, relics, and objects that were used in every day life, that had beenRead MoreEssay about Origin Of Hieroglyphics1117 Words   |  5 Pages Ancient Egypt conjures up thoughts of a great civilization, one very advanced for its time. 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Hieroglyphics can be read and written from left to right or right to left depending upon which way the human and animal characters are facing. If the characters face the left then you read from the left to the right. Each hie roglyph represents a single sound, but as the Egyptians wroteRead MoreThe, Boating, And Bodies : Egyptian Culture And Its Impact Essay1595 Words   |  7 PagesBowling, Boating, and Bodies: Egyptian Culture and its Impact Imagine for a moment you are in Ancient Egypt. The air is hot and dry, the wind blows stinging sand against your face, and you can hear the rushing of the Nile. Up the road from you is the marketplace where vendors sell their wares. People shout and run and argue and work, not the least bit aware that their own culture is helping to shape that of the rest of the world for thousands of years to come. The Egyptians were responsible for a varietyRead MoreStory and Truth in Edwin Blashfields The Evolution of Civilization1284 Words   |  6 Pagescontribution to Western civilization.2 In one case, ancient Egypt is depicted as having contributed â€Å"written records† to civilization, represented by a figure wearing a characteristically Egyptian headdress.3 However, a variety of research, some of which actually occurred in the late nineteenth century, calls this particular choice into question; ancient cuneiform records from Mesopotamia date back to 5000 B.C.E.,4 while Egyptian hi eroglyphics appeared around 3400 B.C.E..5 This suggests that MesopotamiaRead MoreCuneiform : Images And Images1214 Words   |  5 Pagessaying. On the other hand, hieroglyphics were drawings that were strictly one type of communication. â€Å"The ancient Egyptians expressed their ideas in writing by means of a large number of picture signs which are commonly called hieroglyphics†(Budge1). These pictures were drawn to express emotion, sound, and description, that told the comprehender what the writing was saying. Hieroglyphics and emoticons were both pictures that displayed a message, but hieroglyphics were more complicated than emoticons

WASHINGTON The Russian government collected inte Essay Example For Students

WASHINGTON The Russian government collected inte Essay lligence from sourcesinside the American military command as the U.S. mounted the invasion of picpicpicpic Iraq, and the Russians fed information to picpicpicpic Saddam Hussein on troop movements and plans, according to Iraqi documentscited in a picpicpicpic Pentagon report released Friday. |ADVERTISEMENT ||picpicpicpic|picpicThe Russians relayed information to Saddam during the opening days of thewar in late March and early April 2003, including a crucial time before theground assault on Baghdad, according to the documents. The unclassified report does not assess the value of the information orprovide details beyond citing two captured Iraqi documents that say theRussians collected information from sources inside the American CentralCommand and that battlefield intelligence was provided to Saddam throughthe Russian ambassador in Baghdad. A classified version of the Pentagon report, titled Iraqi PerspectivesProject, is not being made public. In Moscow, a duty officer with Russias Foreign Ministry declined tocomment on the report late Friday. No one answered the phones at theDefense Ministry. A Pentagon spokesman, Lt. Col. Barry Venable, referred inquiries seekingcomment to Central Command. At Central Command headquarters in Tampa, Fla.,officials did not immediately respond to a request. State Department spokesman Adam Ereli declined to comment. In addition to citing the Iraqi documents on the matter of Russianintelligence, the report also directly asserted that an intelligence linkexisted. Significantly, the regime was also receiving intelligence from theRussians that fed suspicions that the attack out of Kuwait was merely adiversion, the reports authors wrote. They cited as an example a documentthat was sent to Saddam on March 24, 2003, and captured by the U.S. military after Baghdad fell. The report said the Iraqi document was titled, Letter from Russianofficial to presidential secretary concerning American intentions in Iraq.The Iraqi document said, The information that the Russians have collectedfrom their sources inside the American Central Command in Doha is that theUnited States is convinced that occupying Iraqi cities are impossible, andthat as a result the U.S. military would avoid urban combat. The strategy is to isolate Iraq from its western borders, the documentadded. Central Commands war-fighting headquarters is at an encampment in thedesert just outside Doha, Qatar. The lead author of the Pentagon report, Kevin Woods, told reporters at abriefing that he was surprised to learn that the Russians had passedintelligence to Saddam, and he said he had no reason to doubt theauthenticity of the Iraqi documents. But I dont have any other knowledge of that topic, Woods added,referring to the Russian link. Brig. Gen. Anthony Cucolo, who appeared with Woods and also was closelyinvolved in the project, said he believed such a link reflected a long-standing close economic relationship between Moscow and Baghdad. I dont see it as an aberration, Cucolo said. I see it as a follow-on toeconomic engagement and economic interests.In the end, one piece of Russian intelligence actually contributed to animportant U.S. military deception effort. By telling Saddam that the mainattack on Baghdad would not begin until the Armys 4th Infantry Divisionarrived around April 15, the Russians reinforced an impression that U.S. commanders were trying to catch the Iraqis by surprise. The attack on Baghdad began well before the 4th Infantry arrived, and thegovernment collapsed quickly. As originally planned by Gen. Tommy Franks, the Central Command chief whoran the war, the 4th Infantry was to attack into northern Iraq from Turkey,but the Turkish government refused to go along. Meanwhile the 4thInfantrys tanks and other equipment remained on ships in the easternMediterranean for weeks a problem that Franks sought to turn into anadvantage by attacking Baghdad without them. .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858 , .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858 .postImageUrl , .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858 , .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858:hover , .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858:visited , .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858:active { border:0!important; } .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858:active , .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858 .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3b656226a8c048a8c0fa82c51302f858:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Personal Family Description EssayBased on a captured Iraqi document a memo to Saddam from his Ministry ofForeign Affairs, dated April 2 Russian intelligence reported through itsambassador that the American forces were moving to cut off Baghdad from thesouth, east and north, with the heaviest concentration of troops in theKarbala area. It said the Americans had 12,000 troops in the area, alongwith 1,000 vehicles. Indeed, Karbala was a major step on the U.S. invasion route along theEuphrates River to Baghdad. A key bridge over the Euphrates, near Karbala,was seized on April 2, permitting U.S. forces to approach Baghdad from thesouthwest before Iraq could move sufficient forces from the north. The Pentagon report also said the Russians told the Iraqis that theAmericans planned to concentrate on bombing in and around Baghdad, cuttingthe road to picpicpicpic Syria and Jordan and creating enough confusion to force residents to flee. The Pentagon report, designed to help U.S. officials understand inhindsight how Saddam and his military commanders prepared for and foughtthe war, paints a picture of an Iraqi government blind to the threat itfaced, hampered by Saddams inept military leadership and deceived by itsown propaganda. The largest contributing factor to the complete defeat of Iraqs militaryforces was the continued interference by Saddam, the report said. ___

ICT and Sustainability Skills and Methods

Question: Discuss about the ICT and Sustainability for Skills and Methods. Answer: Introduction: The ethical scenario that will be described in the study has occurred in the workplace recently. The ethical dilemma is related to breach if ICT (Information Communication and Technology). The company where this ethical dilemma has occurred is an IT small medium enterprise in Australia. The ethical issue is related to breach of data in terms of intellectual property rights. What are the facts? The unethical work can be categorized into privacy and data security. A group of people has sold the business idea of the IT company to another company in exchange of money. Before the company has received the Intellectual Property Right to their idea, the other company has already received it. What are the issues? Hence, due to this breach of data, the company has to face legal litigations from government that it had copied the idea from other company (Patrignani Whitehouse, 2014). It is a type of crime that is done by some group of people against the ethics of intellectual property and more collectively ethics of ICT. The crimes are more in case of SMEs as they cannot afford much security measures while stopping the crimes. Who is affected? There are some lists of people who are responsible for the breach of data regarding to the ethical dilemma in the company. Another IT company has instigated some people in the company to the theft of data. The identification of the ethical issue is not prominently explicit in this case. What is the ethical issue? The IT people that are responsible for securing the data are responsible for the breach and theft of data that is being developed for increasing the popularity of the business among the Australian market. The other people who are related with the data management are indirectly affected by the ethical issue (Eke et al., 2015). Indirectly, the employees of the IT company gets affected by the breach of data. Due to the unethical act, the company has to face much false legislation which affects the career of the people who have no relation with the data theft. What are the implications of the ethical issue? The trust of the person who is heading the team of data management is broken. He is the person who is leading the whole team of data management of the company. It is the responsibility of that person to secure the new business idea that will be implemented in the future for providing perfect solutions to their work. The ideals of honesty and privacy have a role in the ethical decision of the company (Kavathatzopoulos, 2015). The incident has violated the right to privacy and right to property to a great extent regarding the situation. What can be done about it? The ethical incident is related to the breach of confidentiality and ethical standards of ICT in the company. There are various code of ethics in a limited company that the employees are bound to follow. The goal is not to share any business ideas to people outside the company. The code of ethics in terms of data management is breached in this scenario. There are obligations that are related to the ethical dilemma. The obligation that has to be owed is avoiding misleading people while fostering professionalism in the company (Bull, 2015). The ethical infringement is occurred due to the act of few people in the company. What are the options? The company has many obligations that are enlisted in the ethical conduct of data management. The obligations that are included are to produce sound and safe product. The law of ethical issues of confidentiality is being broken by the stakeholders or the group of people in data management. Law of confidentiality and law of data protection in the ethical code of conduct are being broken by this incident that incurs huge loss to the company in legal aspects (Ferguson et al., 2016). Which option is best? The company that instigates the people responsible for data management of this IT company gets benefitted from this incident. The data management people are bribed from the other company in providing the trade secrets i.e. the business idea to them. The IT company is harmed by this action. It gets a false legislation from the court of law when it logged for intellectual property rights. Before this company has completed their idea of doing business, the company that instigates the data protection management has already acquired the intellectual property rights (Muir et al., 2016). It has hampered careers of many other officials related to the data management department of the company. Why the above option is the best? The situation of ethical dilemma in the field of ICT is a breach of law and ethical conduct that can be categorized under the act of utilitarianism. The act of utilitarianism describes that an incident that will increase or decrease the happiness of the affected bodies or parties. In this scenario, the act is the ethical dilemma in ICT. On the contrary, the affected party is the business that is being facing the false legal litigations from the court of law due to false application of intellectual property rights (Stahl et al., 2013). It can be said that this incident decreases the level of happiness of the IT company. It not only hampers the reputation of the company but also the careers of many innocent people.The ethical dilemma in the ICT department of the IT company is a common case of data theft and piracy that is being occurred in most of the small medium enterprises of IT in different parts of the world. Cyber crimes, piracy, breach of data, data theft are common issues faced by these companies due to lack of security aspects. The theory of act utilitarianism illustrates that there is the action can cause one party totally happy and another party in the phase of unethical decision taken by the group of people. A proper understanding should be maintained regarding the ethical conducts of the company and its fatal results that will be occurred on breaching the various sets of ethical codes of conduct. However, it can be said that there is no right or wrong in this situation (Otrel-Cass, 2015). The people responsible for the unethical decision are instigated from outsiders that is also unethical and against the law. References Bull, R. (2015). ICT as an enabler for sustainable development: reflections on opportunities and barriers.Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society,13(1), 19-23. Eke, D. O., Stahl, B. C., Fidler, C. (2015). Understanding the relevance of ethics reviews of ICT research in UK computing departments using dialectical hermeneutics.Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society,13(1), 28-38. Ferguson, S., Thornley, C., Gibb, F. (2016). Beyond codes of ethics: how library and information professionals navigate ethical dilemmas in a complex and dynamic information environment.International Journal of Information Management,36(4), 543-556. Kavathatzopoulos, I. (2015). ICT and sustainability: skills and methods for dialogue and policy making.Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society,13(1), 13-18. Muir, A., Spacey, R., Cooke, L., Creaser, C. (2016). Regulating internet access in UK public libraries: legal compliance and ethical dilemmas.Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society,14(1), 87-104. Otrel-Cass, K. (2015). Commentary: towards more responsibility in ICT.Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society,13(1), 24-27. Patrignani, N., Whitehouse, D. (2014). Slow Tech: a quest for good, clean and fair ICT.Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society,12(2), 78-92. Stahl, B. C., Eden, G., Jirotka, M. (2013). Responsible research and innovation in information and communication technologyidentifying and engaging with the ethical implications of ICTs.Responsible innovation, 199-218.